What is the reversal agent for acetaminophen toxicity?

What is the reversal agent for acetaminophen toxicity?

• A. N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
• B. Naloxone
• C. Flumazenil
• D. Vitamin K

Answer: (A)

N-acetylcysteine is the reversal agent for acetaminophen toxicity because it replenishes glutathione stores and directly detoxifies the reactive metabolite NAPQI that builds up when overdose occurs. Acetaminophen is normally metabolized safely, but excess amounts are converted to NAPQI, which damages liver cells once glutathione is depleted. NAC provides the sulfhydryl donor needed to regenerate glutathione and can also conjugate NAPQI itself, reducing hepatotoxicity. The sooner NAC is given, the better the protection against liver injury, though it can still be beneficial if started later. Other options address different overdose scenarios: naloxone reverses opioid effects, flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines, and vitamin K is used for anticoagulant-related issues such as warfarin toxicity.

N-acetylcysteine is the reversal agent for acetaminophen toxicity because it replenishes glutathione stores and directly detoxifies the reactive metabolite NAPQI that builds up when overdose occurs. Acetaminophen is normally metabolized safely, but excess amounts are converted to NAPQI, which damages liver cells once glutathione is depleted. NAC provides the sulfhydryl donor needed to regenerate glutathione and can also conjugate NAPQI itself, reducing hepatotoxicity. The sooner NAC is given, the better the protection against liver injury, though it can still be beneficial if started later.

Other options address different overdose scenarios: naloxone reverses opioid effects, flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines, and vitamin K is used for anticoagulant-related issues such as warfarin toxicity.